MM / P2Pintermediate

MM Goods Receipt and Goods Issue Part 2: Goods Receipt for a Purchase Order — 101, Reversals and Returns

Key takeaway

Receive against a PO: 101 posting to unrestricted, quality or blocked stock, tolerances for over/underdelivery, delivery completed indicator, GR for account-assigned items, inbound deliveries, reversals (102), returns to supplier (122) and how the PO history reflects each.

Explanation

📌 KEY POINTS
✅ 101 against PO updates stock (or consumption for account-assigned items) and the PO history.
✅ Stock type at GR: unrestricted, quality inspection (or QM inspection lot), blocked.
✅ Tolerances (info record/PO) control over/underdelivery; delivery completed closes the item.
✅ 102 reverses a GR posted in error; 122 returns received goods to the supplier (with reason).
⚠️ Reversing with 102 when goods were physically returned hides quality issues — use 122 with return reason.

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▶ WHERE WE ARE
Part 1 covered basics. Now GR for POs.

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▶ 1. POSTING 101

MIGO: GR for PO; quantity, sloc, stock type, batch.
Account-assigned items: consumption posting.

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▶ 2. INBOUND DELIVERIES

GR against inbound delivery (EWM/WM integration).

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▶ 3. TOLERANCES

Overdelivery % / unlimited; underdelivery % → delivery completed.

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▶ 4. REVERSALS AND RETURNS

102 correct posting errors; 122 return to supplier (return reason, output).

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▶ 5. PO HISTORY

Shows GRs, reversals, returns; GR-based IV reference.

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▶ STEP BY STEP

Post 101 for 100 pieces to quality inspection.
Reverse 10 with 102 (error).
Return 5 with 122 (defective).

✅ CHECKPOINT: PO history shows 101, 102, 122 with the right quantities.

Code example

ABAP Code

===== STEP 1: GR =====MIGO: A01 Goods Receipt / R01 Purchase Order → 101, stock type Q (quality) or unrestricted ===== STEP 2: reversals and returns =====MIGO: A03 Cancellation → 102 (reference material document)MIGO: A02 Return delivery → 122 with return reason (output to supplier) ===== STEP 3: tolerances =====Info record/PO: overdelivery 10%, underdelivery 5% → auto delivery completed within tolerance

Real project scenario

A batch failed quality inspection after GR. Staff reversed the GR with 102, losing the link to the supplier return and quality statistics. Switching to 122 return deliveries with return reasons made supplier quality measurable and triggered correct credit handling.

Common mistakes

Using 102 for physical returns.
Ignoring tolerances.
Receiving without inspection stock where needed.
Missing delivery completed.
Wrong sloc.

Best practices

Use 122 with reasons.
Define tolerances.
Receive into quality where required.
Close items properly.
Train receiving staff.

Interview angle

Questions: "How do you post GR for a PO?", "102 vs 122?", "What are delivery tolerances?"
Strong answer: 101 with stock type, account-assigned GR, inbound deliveries, tolerances, 102 vs 122, PO history.

Practice this lesson

Quick check

1. A quality issue is discovered after a goods receipt has already been posted, and the received quantity must be sent back to the vendor with reference to the original goods receipt document. Which movement type should be used for this posting?

2. A warehouse clerk mistakenly posts a goods receipt against a purchase order using movement type 101 for the wrong quantity. Which movement type should be used to correctly reverse this specific goods receipt posting?

3. A goods receipt of 50 units was posted against a purchase order line item with an open quantity of 100 units. If this goods receipt is later reversed in full, what happens to the purchase order history and open quantity?

Interview questions

1. What is the purpose of movement type 122 in a return delivery to vendor, and how does it differ from a standard goods issue in terms of GL account impact?

Answer it in your own words first, then compare.

2. Receiving staff post GRs without POs, reverse physical returns with 102 and never close short-shipped items. How do you fix goods receipt processing?

Answer it in your own words first, then compare.

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Reference-verified: the steps are checked against official SAP documentation and tutorials, and object and field names in the sample code are checked for consistency. The code has not been compiled or run on an SAP system by ERPClimb. Syntax marked release-dependent varies by SAP release, so check it in your own system.